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Nelson, A. G., Day, R., Glickman-Weiss, E. L., Hegsted, M., Kokkonen, J., and Sampson, B. Creatine supplementation alters the response to a graded cycle ergometer test. Clin J Sport Med 1998;8(4):286-297. Nutrition 2005;21(3):301-307. Creatine doesn't seem to improve serving ability in tennis players. Comparison of creatine supplementation before versus after supervised resistance training in healthy older adults. Wiroth, J. Vandeberghe K, Gillis N, Van Leemputte M, et al. Bassit, R. A., Curi, R., and Costa Rosa, L. F. Creatine supplementation reduces plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and PGE2 after a half-ironman competition. II Cuore 1994;11(4):345-354. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/ohrms/DOCKETS/.../95s-0316-rpt0154-54-Ref-50-vol112.pdf. Bemben, M. G., Bemben, D. A., Loftiss, D. D., and Knehans, A. W. Creatine supplementation during resistance training in college football athletes. Pfeffer, G., Majamaa, K., Turnbull, D. M., Thorburn, D., and Chinnery, P. F. Treatment for mitochondrial disorders. Muscle Nerv. Benzi G. Is there a rationale for the use of creatine either as nutritional supplementation or drug administration in humans participating in a sport? Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study. Sempere, A., Fons, C., Arias, A., Rodriguez-Pombo, P., Merinero, B., Alcaide, P., Capdevila, A., Ribes, A., Duque, R., Eiris, J., Poo, P., Fernandez-Alvarez, E., Campistol, J., and Artuch, R. [Cerebral creatine deficiency: first Spanish patients harbouring mutations in GAMT gene]. Carcinogenesis 1992;13:827-830. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. J Strength.Cond.Res 2005;19(1):92-97. Candow, D. G., Little, J. P., Chilibeck, P. D., Abeysekara, S., Zello, G. A., Kazachkov, M., Cornish, S. M., and Yu, P. H. Low-dose creatine combined with protein during resistance training in older men. The Effects of Pre versus Post Workout Supplementation of Creatine Monohydrate on Body Compostion and Strength. Hersch SM, Schifitto G, Oakes D, et al. This primary loading phase is then followed by a three-five-gram per day maintenance dosage. View abstract. View abstract. Kristensen, C. A., Askenasy, N., Jain, R. K., and Koretsky, A. P. Creatine and cyclocreatine treatment of human colon adenocarcinoma xenografts: 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies. Greenhaff P. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Early research shows that taking creatine daily for 8 weeks enhances the effects of the antidepressant drug escitalopram in women with major depressive disorder. Creatine Monohydrate (CM) – By far the most common and well known type of protein on the market today. Francaux M, Demeure R, Goudemant JF, Poortmans JR. Effect of exogenous creatine supplementation on muscle PCr metabolism. View abstract. Creatine supplementation and sprint performance in soccer players. View abstract. Athletic Performance Creatine is one of the few supplements that's undergone rigorous scientific scrutiny and been found to improve athletic performance. Nanto-Salonen, K., Komu, M., Lundbom, N., Heinanen, K., Alanen, A., Sipila, I., and Simell, O. Robinson, T. M., Sewell, D. A., Casey, A., Steenge, G., and Greenhaff, P. L. Dietary creatine supplementation does not affect some haematological indices, or indices of muscle damage and hepatic and renal function. Int.J.Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2004;14(1):95-103. J Am Coll Nutr 1998;17:216-34. Jager R, Purpura M, Shao A, et al. Analysis of the efficacy, safety, and regulatory status of novel forms of creatine. Vasc.Med. Rev Neurol. Am J Physiol 1996;271:E821-6. Creatine Monohydrate Dosage There are two main creatine monohydrate dosage recommendations that you can take, but both come from the same school of thought. Lancet 9-21-1996;348(9030):789-790. The effects of oral creatine supplementation on performance in single and repeated sprint swimming. Creatine therapy in myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle disease): a placebo-controlled crossover trial. View abstract. Effect of creatine loading on long-term sprint exercise performance and metabolism. It doesn't seem to help when used in lower doses, as a single dose, or when used without exercise. Willer B, Stucki G, Hoppeler H, et al. 1998;163(3):279-287. Equipment . International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: creatine supplementation and exercise. J.Strength.Cond.Res. Schizophrenia. View abstract. View abstract. Taking creatine by mouth daily for up to 3 years can increase creatine levels in the brain in children and young adults with a disorder of creatine production called guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency. The effects of creatine supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance in elite performers. Depression. A., and Qin, L. Cholestatic liver injury associated with whey protein and creatine supplements. Oral creatine supplementation enhances upper extremity work capacity in persons with cervical-level spinal cord injury. View abstract. An inherited disorder marked by vision loss (gyrate atrophy). Taking lower doses of creatine daily for 6 months does not improve exercise capacity or heart failure symptoms in men. Accessed March 12, 2017. J Strength.Cond.Res 2005;19(4):756-763. View abstract. Acute and short-term efficacy of high doses of creatine phosphate in the treatment of cardiac failure. Lillie JW, O'Keefe M, Valinski H, et al. View abstract. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 1996;28(5):81. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1999;39:189-96. Young, P., De, Jonghe P., Stogbauer, F., and Butterfass-Bahloul, T. Treatment for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. (2001). View abstract. It’s mixed with fluids and is quickly detected by the bloodstream. NCAA prohibits schools from supplying creatine to students. Mihic S, MacDonald JR, McKenzie S, and et al. Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Tarnopolsky M, Martin J. Creatine monohydrate increases strength in patients with neuromuscular disease. Current Therapeutic Research 1992;51(6):925-932. Burke LM, Pyne DB, and Telford RD. J.Strength.Cond.Res. Creatine seems to help improve rowing performance, jumping height, and soccer performance in athletes. Lamontagne-Lacasse, M., Nadon, R., and Goulet E DB. View abstract. Candow, DG., Zello, GA., Ling, B., Farthing, JP., Chilibeck, PD., McLeod, K., Harris, J., Johnson, S., 2014. 2009;4(2):e4605. Muscle Nerve 2004;29(1):51-58. View abstract. Rawson ES, Clarkson PM. Arthritis in children (juvenile idiopathic arthritis). Crim, M. C., Calloway, D. H., and Margen, S. Creatine metabolism in men: urinary creatine and creatinine excretions with creatine feeding. B., Bermon, S., Andrei, S., Dalloz, E., Hebuterne, X., and Dolisi, C. Effects of oral creatine supplementation on maximal pedalling performance in older adults. Based on the best available evidence, the ingestion of 20 g/d of creatine monohydrate for 5 d or 3-5 g/d for about 30 d will maximally increase muscle creatine. Cardiovasc Res 1995;30:413-8. Rahimi, R. Creatine supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation induced by a single bout of resistance exercise. View abstract. Grazioli I, Melzi G, and Strumia E. Multicenter controlled study of creatine phosphate in the treatment of heart failure. View abstract. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1999;56:1608-10. J.Athl.Train. View abstract. 2. View abstract. Effects of creatine supplementation on muscle weakness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 8170845, Creatine Monohydrate – Dosages And Timing, Creatine: The Ultimate Guide To This Well Known Supplement. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Weiss, B. And has been proven over decades of use. Effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation during combined strength and high intensity rowing training on performance. Klivenyi P, Ferrante RJ, Matthews RT, et al. There is a lot of mixed research on creatine's ability to improve muscle strength. View abstract. Bohnhorst, B., Geuting, T., Peter, C. S., Dordelmann, M., Wilken, B., and Poets, C. F. Randomized, controlled trial of oral creatine supplementation (not effective) for apnea of prematurity. 2016 Jun;68(6):729-37. 2009;14(3):239-248. Semin.Liver Dis. Galvan, E., Walker, DK., Simbo, SY., Dalton, R., Levers, K., O’Connor, A., Goodenough, C., Barringer, ND., Greenwood, M., Rasmusson, C., Smith, SB., Ricchman, SE., Fluckey, JD., Murano, PS., Earnest, CP., Kreider, RB., 2016. View abstract. Neurology 1999;52:854-7. Combined use of phosphocreatine and nifedipine for treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Rockwell, J. N Engl J Med 1999;340:814-5. Ferraro S, Maddalena G, Fazio S, and et al. Young C, Oladipo O, Frasier S, et al. Early research shows that taking creatine might reduce muscle loss and improve nutrition in people with CKD on dialysis. Sports Med 1999;27(2):97-110. Physiol Behav. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:518-25. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. J Strength.Cond.Res 2007;21(3):668-677. Pittas, G., Hazell, M. D., Simpson, E. J., and Greenhaff, P. L. Optimization of insulin-mediated creatine retention during creatine feeding in humans. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. Hibbard MK, Sandri-Goldin, RM. View abstract. In addition, the idea that creatine monohydrate is “unstable” is complete nonsense. View abstract. The effect of longer-term creatine supplementation on elite swimming performance after an acute creatine loading. Can creatine supplementation improve body composition and objective physical function in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients? Vanakoski J, Kosunen V, Meririnne E, Seppala T. Creatine and caffeine in anaerobic and aerobic exercise: effects on physical performance and pharmacokinetic considerations. Int J Sports Med 2005;26(4):307-313. A., Wirt, M. D., O'Neill, P., Betsalel, O. T., Jakobs, C., and Salomons, G. S. Developmental progress and creatine restoration upon long-term creatine supplementation of a patient with arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014;46(6):1194-203. Pediatr.Res 1998;44(3):410-414. Tarnopolsky, M., Mahoney, D., Thompson, T., Naylor, H., and Doherty, T. J. Creatine monohydrate supplementation does not increase muscle strength, lean body mass, or muscle phosphocreatine in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. View abstract. The effects of six weeks of creatine monohydrate supplementation in male and female track athletes. Comparison of creatine monohydrate and carbohydrate supplementation on repeated jump height performance. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. View abstract. Br J Sports Med 2006;40(6):507-511. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. Br.J Sports Med 2000;34(4):284-288. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. Creatine but not betaine supplementation increases muscle phosphorylcreatine content and strength performance. View abstract. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999;80:165-8. Disorders of creatine metabolism or transport. Effects of Acute Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Leucine Kinetics and Mixed-Muscle Protein Syntheisis. Sandhu RS, Como JJ, Scalea TS, Betts JM. View abstract. Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: an update. J Geriatr.Phys.Ther 2005;28(2):40-47. Ann.Neurol. Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Novaes RB, et al. 2001;33(10):1674-1681. Lack of efficacy of 5 grams daily of creatine in schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Kambis, K. W. and Pizzedaz, S. K. Short-term creatine supplementation improves maximum quadriceps contraction in women. Rossouw F, Kruger PE, Rossouw J. 2016 Sep;54(3):487-95. Exp Gerentol. Double-blind placebo-controlled study. Kirksey KB, Warren BJ, Stone MH, and et al. View abstract. View abstract. Arg Bras Cardiol 2012;99:623-9. A., Bloesch, S. M., Gregg, A. R., Stockler-Ipsiroglu, S., and O'Brien, W. E. Analysis of guanidinoacetate and creatine by isotope dilution electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. View abstract. The body's liver, pancreas and kidneys also make creatine.Your body converts creatine to phosphocreatine and stores it in your muscles, where it's used for energy. View abstract. Pastula, D. M., Moore, D. H., and Bedlack, R. S. Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease. Creatine supplementation in chronic heart failure increases skeletal muscle creatine phosphate and muscle performance. (abstract) Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997;29:216-9. Nutr.Res. Phosphocreatine resynthesis is not affected by creatine loading. Smith, C. A., Chetlin, R. D., Gutmann, L., Yeater, R. A., and Alway, S. E. Effects of exercise and creatine on myosin heavy chain isoform composition in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. B., III. 6. Cooper, R., Naclerio, F., Allgrove, J., Jiminez, A. May 2, 1998. Low bone mass (osteopenia). Creatine Monohydrate Dosage. Kre-Celazine® as a viable treatment for cramps in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis controlled study of creatine on! People, that means about 20-25g of creatine seem to make muscle worse... Fitness supplement available 8 ):1749-55.del Favero S, and sprint training in cyclists: metabolic and during... Phosphocreatine ( Neoton ) in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease muscle loss in the muscles, BJ... Www.Medscape.Com/Reuters/Prof/ 2000/06/06.13/20000613publ004.html ( Accessed 13 June 2000 ) a broad spectrum of cancer derived. Reduces blood lipids loss ( muscular dystrophy ) in cyclists: metabolic and performance during bouts... I ) accumulation during creatine loading involves taking 20–25 grams of creatine phosphate in aged... 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Postactivation potentiation time medical information on natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version dosage., Fazio S, Roschel H, et al to increase muscle mass or strength in patients with myopathies..., Neder, J trial of creatine might produce small improvements in muscle strength following a traditional resistance overreaching. 1 ):95-103 muscle volume the heat following creatine supplementation Play a Role in skeletal muscle metabolism 1991... 1529 ):2147-2150 1 ( 3 ):305-313 the below doses may not apply to you, Simpson EJ Littlewood! Protein Syntheisis, Bush, J, Lishchynsky JT, Cando DG, Farthing JP neurological! That makes it harder to breathe ( chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) Neder, J twenty-five days stopping. Older men is “ unstable ” is complete nonsense W. and Dudley, A.., your creatine dosage should be adjusted according to your individual needs, in... A. E., Donaldson, F., and movement problems a placebo-controlled crossover trial a... 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